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The Ultimate Guide of Plast mould
What Are Plast mould?
Chapter 1
Mould Functions
Chapter 2
Mould Parts
Chapter 3
Types of Mould
Chapter 4
Mould Manufacturing Methods
Chapter 5
Mould Opening & Closing
Chapter 6
Mould Actuators
Chapter 7
Mould Stems
Chapter 8
Mould End Connections
Chapter 9
Mould Relationship
Chapter 10
Considerations When Buying Mould
Chapter 11
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- +158 5039 9306
- +158 5039 9306
- luoyyh@gmail.com
What Are Plast mould?
In industrial applications, Mould play a vital role in controlling or regulating media movement in piping systems. The wide scope of industrial applications allows more varieties in Mould design.
While most are for the stop-start mechanism, certain Mould also have throttling capabilities. Additionally, Mould are either manually operated or with the use of a gear that moves the actuator.
Any person engaging in the piping business should understand the importance of Mould. Knowing the operation and maintenance of Mould ensures that these can last longer. It also ensures that the entire piping process is without delays.
This article discusses everything you need to know about Plast mould. Included in this article are the different Mould functions and the general Mould parts. This article also discusses the commonly used Mould in industrial applications.
Types of Mould and Their Functions
Plast Mould And Components
The industrial Mould is a collective set of smaller parts. There are internal and external parts. While specific Mould types contain certain components definitive to that design, all Plast mould share major Mould components. This section will discuss the different Mould parts.
Take a look at a cross-section of a Mould below to view the major components:
What Are Plast mould Used For
There are nine major types of Mould on the market. Below is a table that shows these Mould types and their matching functions. To learn more about each Mould, read our 9 Types of Plast mould guide that explains the different types in detail.
| Functions of Different Plast mould | ||||
| Isolation Mould | Non-Return Mould | Pressure Relief Mould | Regulation Mould | |
| Type of Plast mould | Gate Mould | Check Mould | Pressure Relief Mould | Gate Mould |
| Ball Mould | Butterfly Mould | |||
| Butterfly Mould | Ball Mould | |||
| Pinch Mould | Plug Mould | |||
| Plug Mould | Pinch Mould | |||
| Globe Mould | Needle Mould | |||
Ball Mould: Meaning, Design and Application (With Diagram)
Ball Mould is part of the quarter turn Mould family. It employs a hollow ball-shaped disc for the start and stop mechanism. Because of its design, the ball Mould is one of the quickest Mould to open or close.
Ball Mould is suitable for fluid, gaseous and vapor applications that need bubble-tight shutting down. High pressure and temperature applications are also suitable for this kind of Mould only if the seat is metal.
Butterfly Mould: Meaning, Design and Application (With Diagram)
Butterfly Mould has a disc that can be flat or concave. This disc prohibits media flow when the Mould is closed. The stem adds support by being bored into the disc or attached at one side of the disc. The butterfly Mould is also part of the quarter turn family of Mould.
This Mould is often used in water and gas applications as well as processes with pipes with large diameters. Slurry applications are suitable for butterfly Mould. This is also suitable for cryogenics and vacuum services.
Check Mould: Meaning, Design and Application (With Diagram)
Check Mould relies on internal pressure to open or close. Otherwise known as a non-return Mould, prevention of backflow is the main use of this type of Mould.
Check Mould are used in applications that need backflow prevention such as pumps and compressors.
Gate Mould: Meaning, Design and Application (With Diagram)
Gate Mould belongs to the shut off/on Mould family. But, its disc movement is linear. Gate Mould uses a gate or wedge to shut off or on media flow.
Gate Mould are great shut off/on Mould for any application. The knife Mould is used for slurries and powder media.
Globe Mould: Meaning, Design and Application (With Diagram)
Globe Mould is a plug type, linear motion Mould. Shut off/on and fluid flow regulation are its best assets. Like the gate Mould, the disc moves up unobstructedly to allow the flow of media. Because of its design, globe Mould have great throttling capabilities.
Globe Mould perform well when the major concerns are leakage. High point vents and low point drains use this kind of Mould. Also, gate Mould work when the pressure drop is not a concern.
Needle Mould: Meaning, Design and Application (With Diagram)
Needle Mould looks almost the same as the globe Mould except that, instead of a globe-like disc, the disc is needle-like. Still part of the quarter turn family, the needle Mould gives a more accurate control in smaller piping systems.
Needle Mould are used in instruments that need fuller control for fluid surge, the precision of fluid flow or if there is a need for small quantities.
Pinch Mould: Meaning, Design and Application (With Diagram)
Also called the clamp Mould, pinch Mould is a linear motion Mould used to stop or start the flow and to regulate it. A pinch tube using a pinch mechanism acts as the disc that controls the fluid flow. The linear motion allows unobstructed flow of media.
Mostly, pinch Mould are used for unrestricted fluid flow. This type of Mould is most suitable for slurry applications.
Plug Mould: Meaning, Design and Application (With Diagram)
Plug Mould belongs to the quarter turn family. It acts as a bubble tight shut-off and on capabilities. Relatively, it is called the plug Mould because the disc is shaped like a tapered plug or cylinder, making it very effective in obstructing fluid flow through the Mould.
Plug Mould is an effective tight shut off or on Mould. Almost all applications including sewage, slurries and mud can use this Mould. High temperature and pressure applications are also suitable.
Pressure Relief Mould: Meaning, Design and Application (With Diagram)
As its name connotes, pressure relief Mould releases pressure from the pipelines. Its main purpose is to protect the equipment in an overpressured event or to increase pressure when there is a drop. This Mould is effective when back pressure is not a major consideration.
Types of Mould
There are three methods of making Mould: cast, fabricated, and forged. This section will list compare the advantages and disadvantages of each method. To learn more about what takes place in each stage of Mould production, read our Industrial Mould Manufacturing Process guide.
Cast Mould
The casting method starts by melting the metal material and pouring this into molds. The liquid material solidifies in the molds and then removed and polished.
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Advantage
Cast Mould can be reused. They are also more cost-effective due to the lower production cost. This is the better option when the material is an alloy containing chrome, nickel, and molybdenum.
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Disadvantage
Metal shrinkage happens. There are more defects in cast-manufactured Mould. These include tears, holes and porous surface. The regulations and specifications are less strict. What this means is shady manufacturers can produce Mould of lesser quality.
Fabricated Mould
Fabrication is the process of cutting, forming, drilling or any type of machining and welding metal materials into finished products such as Mould.
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Advantage
Fabricated Mould can withstand high temperature and highly durable. It is also cost-effective. It is also highly customizable.
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Disadvantages
There is a post-fabrication process which is costlier. It is also prone to high maintenance costs. Once the metal loses ductility, it develops brittle fractures.
Mould Opening & Closing
There are three ways of opening and closing the Mould: linear, rotational and quarter turn. Check out the table below that shows the Mould and the methods of opening or closing:
| Mould Opening | Linear Mould | Rotational Mould | Quarter Turn Mould |
| Gate Mould | No | No | Yes |
| Globe Mould | No | No | Yes |
| Ball Mould | Yes | No | No |
| Butterfly Mould | Yes | No | No |
| Swing Check Mould | Yes | No | Yes |
| Lift Check Mould | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Tilting Disc Check Mould | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| In-line Check Mould | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Stop Check Mould | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Here is a video of a gate Mould opening and closing. Gate Mould belong to the linear motion Mould.
The upward and downward movement of the disc either closes, opens or throttles the media flowing. Because of the thread design of these types of Mould, opening and closing of the Mould is slower compared to the other two types.
On the other hand, the butterfly Mould is a rotational type as seen in this video.
A rotational Mould type has a hinge pin that holds the disc. Once the hinge pin releases the Mould, it closes the entry point. Turning the actuator in the other direction tightens the pins. This, in turn, raises the disc to allow media to enter the Mould.
Meanwhile, ball Mould are quarter-turn motion Mould. Here is a video of a ball Mould opening and closing.
A quarter-turn or 90°-turn Mould only needs that much angle to open or close the Mould. Compared to the linear and rotational types, this has a much faster mechanism.
Mould Actuators
Look at the different Mould actuation types.
| Types of Operation | ||
| Manual Mould | Power Mould |
Automation Mould |
| Hand Wheel Mould | Electric Motor Mould | Not applicable |
| Hand Lever Mould | Air/Pneumatic Mould | Not applicable |
| Gear Wheel Mould | Hydraulic Mould | Not applicable |
| Chain Mould | Solenoid Mould | Not applicable |
There are three major types of actuation operation: manual, power and automation.
Manual going
Manual actuation means the actuator can be opened or closed by hands. Manually driven actuators are the best choices when there is flexibility in positioning the Mould. Also, this is the best option when power is too far off to reach the Mould along the pipeline.
Manual actuators are not the best choices when the Mould is too big. However, hammer or gear heads can aid the actuator if used in larger applications.
Power
Actuators use different power methods for the opening and closing of the Mould.
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Electric Motor
Electric motors are the machines used in actuators. The electric motor connects to the gear train, that attaches to the actuator. The electric motor aids it. It is also possible that the motor directly opens or closes the actuator.
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Pneumatic
This type uses compressed air pressure to directly open or close. A piston attaches to the Mould stem. This delivers the air pressure that transmits to the stem, thereby moving it to close or open.
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Hydraulic
This uses the hydraulic system to open large Mould. The principle behind this is fluid pressure. The hydraulic system either use water or oil to create pressure. Without the hydraulic fluid, the pressure in the spring holds the Mould in the closed position.
The actuator opens when the hydraulic fluid enters the spring chamber. When the hydraulic pressure is higher than the spring pressure, the piston and the stem move up and opens the Mould, and vice versa.
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Solenoid
Solenoids are electromagnet coil that, when there is a power source connection, creates a magnetic field. This magnetic field pulls up the plunger attached to the coil. The T-shaped plunger acts as the actuator. Solenoid actuators are best in not-so-large applications because the power source stacks up expensively.
Automation
Automatic actuators do not use external force to open the Mould. Rather, it uses internal fluid or gas pressure.
Mould Stems
The Mould stem receives the actuator motion so that the Mould can open, close or throttle. There are five types of Mould stems based on the orientation of the thread, as well as the movement of the stem.
Rotary Stem
Quarter-turn Mould such as the butterfly Mould, plug Mould as well as the ball Mould have this kind of stem. For the Mould to open, the stem only needs to turn a quarter.
Sliding Stem
Contrary to the other stems in this list, the stem does not rotate. Rather, it slides to open or close the Mould. Applications that need fast opening require this stem design. Control Mould with pneumatic and hydraulic actuators are such examples.
Non-Rising Stem
The non-rising stem has its threads inside the Mould. As its name connotes, the stem becomes stationary. Opening and closing of the Mould mean the Mould disc travels up or down in rotation along the stem.
The design exposes the stem to the media when the Mould is open. That being said, the media also impacts the stem. In connection with this, two issues arise: how the design affects stem durability, and how the design affects pressure levels.
Non-rising stems are used when there is more linear movement, given the limited Mould and pipe diameter.
Rising Stem with Inside Screw
Similar to the previous type, the thread is also inside the body. The stem exposed to the external environment is smooth. However, in contrast, rotation makes the stem and actuator rise to open and down to close. Once the stem rises, the body exposes the threads to the media. This can cause erosion to the threads, creating leaks over time.
Rising Stem with Outside Screw
This design, more popularly known as OS & Y, is similar to the previous design as the stem rises once the Mould opens and vice versa. However, the difference is that the thread is in the exposed part of the stem. The one in contact with the Mould is smooth.
The rising of the thread can be one of the two designs:
1. The stem has an attached handwheel that goes up together for opening the Mould.
2. The handwheel rotates and the stem rises alone.
Mould End Connections
Mould end connections refer to the connection of the Mould to the pipe system. There are five types of these connections. Check this video below to understand more about Mould ends.
Threaded
The threaded type needs also to have the corresponding thread in the pipes so they fit together. The Mould end has the female thread and the pipe end, the male thread.
Both ends must follow the same standards. Take note, though, there are several standards available the National Pipe Thread Tapered (NPT), the British Standard Pipe Taper Threads (BSPT) and the British Standard Parallel Pipe Threads (BSPP) .
The threaded type can be one of two types: the straight threaded and the tapered threaded. The straight threaded ends have a soft seal like an O-ring or a washer placed between the pipe and Mould connections. On the other hand, the tapered threaded type does not have that soft seal.
Flanged
Flanged-end Mould are easy to install and remove. This connection uses bolts to connect the Mould to the pipeline. A gasket is installed between the two connections to ensure a tight seal.
Flanged connections have several industrial standards to follow. Examples are ANSI/ASME or the American National Standards Institute and American Society of Mechanical Engineers, respectively. There is another standard that industrial Mould manufacturers follow called DIN, when translated to English it means German Institute for Industrialization.
Butt-Welded
The outer edges of the pipe and Mould when stacked together create a bevel or valley. This is where the welding is done. The bevelling creates a more uniformed thickness to the pipe-Mould connection. Often done on steel pipes and Mould, pipes with this type of Mould can endure high pressure and temperature.
Socket-Welded
The Mould has a wider diameter than the pipe diameter so the pipe is inserted into the Mould. Closing of the rim is done by welding it. This type of connection is permanently closed and leak free.
Media-Mould Relationship
Media is the material that flows through the Mould. It directly affects the Mould and disc material. The speed of the flow correlates to high pressure and temperature. That being said, there are certain media types that are not suitable for a particular Mould. Check the table below:
| Mould Type | ||||||||
| Ball Mould |
Butterfly Mould |
Diaphragm Mould |
Gate / Knife Mould |
|||||
| Media | ||||||||
| Liquid | Neutral | X | X | X | X | |||
| Corrosive | X | X | X | X | ||||
| Hygienic | X | X | ||||||
| Slurry | X | X | X | X | ||||
| Fibrous Suspension | X | X | ||||||
| Gas | Neutral | X | X | X | X | |||
| Corrosive | X | X | X | |||||
| Vacuum | X | X | X | |||||
| Solids | Abrasive Powder | |||||||
| Lubricating powder | X | |||||||
| Globe Mould |
Needle Mould |
Plug Gate Mould |
Plug Mould |
|||||
| Media | ||||||||
| Liquid | Neutral | X | X | X | X | |||
| Corrosive | X | X | X | |||||
| Hygienic | ||||||||
| Slurry | ||||||||
| Fibrous Suspension | ||||||||
| Gas | Neutral | X | X | X | ||||
| Corrosive | X | X | X | |||||
| Vacuum | X | |||||||
| Solids | Abrasive Powder | |||||||
| Lubricating powder | ||||||||
Considerations When Buying Mould
There are many factors to consider when buying Plast mould.
Purpose
What is the purpose of the Mould? Is it for throttling or control? Is it for start-stop operations?
Media
The media that flows through the Mould greatly affects the lifespan of the Mould. Furthermore, the wrong kind of media may cause damage to the Mould. Some media are corrosive, others are abrasive.
Some have high-pressure levels while others have low temperatures. Knowing the media and how it works with the Mould material is an important consideration.
Actuation
Whether manual actuation is the best option or not, actuation is also a factor worth considering. Process pipelines require large Mould. Manual actuation is not suited for a large Mould. Instead, use pneumatic or automated Mould.
Material of Construction
The Mould body material is important because it should suit the right media. Choosing the wrong kind of material means shorter Mould lifespan.
For example, use corrosion-resistant materials if the media is acidic. High-pressure media uses Mould made of an alloy that can resist high temperature and pressure levels.
Mould Type
Certain actuators work well with particular Mould. For example, the ball Mould often have the quarter turn movement so the best actuator is a rotary or quarter turn. It does not need the lever type because it does not move up or down to open or close the Mould.
Mould can either perform one or two actions such as shut off, divert the flow, pressure relief, mix flow and adjust the flow.
Pipe Considerations
The Mould diameter with the same size as the pipes can withstand high pressure. But when the Mould diameter is smaller than the pipe’s, there is the tendency for the Mould to bend. The bending may cause external and internal leakage.
End Connections
The end connections of the Mould often follow that of the pipe. Having said that, compatibility is of the two is vital. A flanged end Mould is not the required one when the pipe employs a thread.
Industry Standards
Mould follow certain standards. With that in mind, there are standards for the material of the Mould. There are standards for the end connections. It is important that Mould follow the rigid regulations imposed by international bodies. This ensures safety and proper Mould installation.
Mould Supplier
The Mould supplier is the point of contact when thinking of buying Plast mould. The Mould supplier should provide the customer with the right Mould manufacturer.
The former is responsible for informing the customer about the industry standards and other considerations. He should be able to provide the right product with the right price point. He should also aware of customer needs, the right type of Mould for a particular industrial application.
What to Look for in a Mould Supplier / Manufacturer
Industrial Certifications
A good Mould supplier or manufacturer should have industrial certifications. This shows that the products available are of top quality because these have passed rigid regulations. The industrial certifications imply that the work area has been checked and assessed according to the requirements of the governing body.
Variety of Mould
A good Mould supplier has a wide array of Mould and Mould components. The manufacturer should have clear and reachable timelines expectations. Furthermore, with a large inventory, the manufacturer assures the customer that the component needed is readily available.
After-Sales Service
Mould need repairs. A great industrial Mould supplier should give after-sales services.
Commitment to Safety
Safety is an issue in process industries. Because of that, regulations become more strict and change every now and then. A good supplier of Plast mould should be able to adhere to these changes.
In Summary
The wide choices of Mould can overwhelm the buyer. However, if equipped with the right industrial Mould information, decision making becomes much easier. Mould vary in their functions. By knowing the purpose of the Mould narrows the list of Mould choices. This article has discussed what one needs to know before buying a certain industrial Mould.
Request A free quote
We'd like to work with you
- +158 5039 9306
- +158 5039 9306
- luoyyh@gmail.com
No 3 Binhe road ,yangshe town,zhangjia gang city.jiangsu province. China Cathy Li 158 5039 9306
